Electrophilic Substitution Mechanisms Menu
Some background on benzene (including links to more detailed discussions) and a general mechanism which covers several of benzene's reactions.
The mechanism for the formation of nitrobenzene from benzene.
Walkthrough of the mechnism.
The mechanism for the substitution of an acyl group such as CH3CO into benzene.
Walkthrough of the mechnism.
The mechanism for the substitution of an alkyl group such as CH3 into benzene.
Walkthrough of the mechnism.
The mechanism for the substitution of an alkyl group such as CH3CH2 into benzene, by a reaction involving an alkene such as ethene.
Walkthrough of the mechnism.
The mechanism for the substitution of atoms like chlorine and bromine into benzene rings.
Walkthrough of the mechnism.
The mechanism for reaction between benzene and concentrated sulfuric acid to produce benzenesulfonic acid.
Walkthrough of the mechnism.
Illustrates how to cope with the problem of substituting things into rings which already have something else attached.
Questions to Test your Understanding
These questions cover all of the work on electrophilic substitution.
Questions on electrophilic substitution QnswersYou might also be interested in:
Covers all the physical and chemical properties of arenes like benzene and methylbenzene required by UK A-level syllabuses.